Economy and State A Sociological Perspective - 724 Words

Summary Economy and State: A Sociological Perspective, written by Nina Bandelj and Elizabeth Sowers, explains the economic foundation of the state by discussing the governance of property and money, in correlation to labor and firms, ending in economic development and internationalization/globalization. Bandelj and Sowers’, target audiences for this book seemed to be intended for those individuals wanting to learn the basics of economics from an economic sociology perspective allowing readers to broaden their minds, while drawing comparisons from the political economy and economic sociology. This book was written with clear language for the audience to understand and comprehend the large amount of traditional economic theory information within its condensed size, as well as introducing a sense of economic sociology in to the mix. Both Bandelj and Sowers separate their book into eight chapters: ranging from property and money, labor and firms, development and the international global economy, before its conclusion. Authors Nina Bandelj and Elizabeth Sowers, provide a wonderful analysis between economy and sociology by breaking down the study of economics including the production, distribution, consumption, and exchange of goods and services and its direct correlation to social networks, cultural reality so to speak, and political and social forces. The authors address the theoretical perspectives of economy-state relations while also applying the sociologicalShow MoreRelatedBook Review: Economy and State: a Sociological Perspective Essay958 Words   |  4 PagesBook Review: Economy and State: A Sociological Perspective Amanda Oha Liberty University Amanda Oha PPOG 502 Dr. Stewart 08/9/13 Book Review 2 Economy and State: A Sociological Perspective In the book, Economy and State, authors try to connect reader with the inner workings the state and it’s relation to the economy. Unlike most authors, Bandeji and Sowers do not argue for minimal government intervention in economic affairs, but they discuss the relationshipRead MoreA Sociological Perspective On Homelessness1587 Words   |  7 Pagesstreets or in places that are not suitable for human inhabitation. Most states account of for less than 1% of homeless population, whereas Texas contains approximately 5.4% of America’s homeless population. In San Antonio, there are approximately 2,981 people who are homeless each day, and 1,243 are unsheltered. Through a sociological perspective, the social problems of homelessness can be analyzed through the concept of sociological imagination, the comparison of the person-blame approach and the system-blameRead MorePoverty Between Poverty And Poverty1322 Words   |  6 PagesPoverty has been a prevalent issue that has pl agued the world’s economy for years, fortunately, global poverty rates seem to be declining . In order to understand why this decline is occurring, one must first understand levels of poverty. In an article published by The Economist they claims that there are different levels of poverty, they use extreme poverty (absolute poverty), and relative poverty as the two definitions . Extreme poverty refers to the world banks â€Å"poverty line†. In 2011 the â€Å"WorldRead MoreSociology as a Perspective 1332 Words   |  6 PagesSociologist argue that â€Å"the sociological perspective is a way of thinking; a form of consciousness that challenges familiar understandings of ourselves and of others, so we can critically asses the truth commonly held assumptions† (Micionis and Plummer 2008:10). This essay supports this statement by analysing and discussing the significance of sociological perspective in our everyday lives. According to Peter L. Berger sociological per spective is described as the link between societal events andRead MoreWar : What Is It Good For?1386 Words   |  6 PagesSean Younce Professor Pokas Sociology 101 24 Jun 2015 War: What is it Good for? The three major sociological perspectives have conflicting viewpoints about warfare. The three sociological perspectives provide different interpretations of war. The Structural Functionalists focus on how war unites different peoples as they must work together to survive, as well as how war in general protect the freedom of the masses. Conflict Theorists focus on how militarism runs the world, from creating warRead MoreSociology and Common Sense Essay1546 Words   |  7 Pagesdifference between a â€Å"common sense† and a â€Å"sociological† view of human behaviour, giving relevant examples. Sociology is a social science that enables people to understand the structure and dynamics of society. By using a scientific approach, and by critically analysing society using qualitative and quantitative methods, sociologists can find patterns and connections within human behaviour to provide explanations of how society affects people. Sociological views are based on theories that have beenRead MoreP1 Unit 71069 Words   |  5 PagesP1: Explain the principle sociological perspectives. In this assignment I will be explaining some of the different sociological perspectives in today’s society. The sociological perspectives which I will be explaining will be Functionalism, Marxism, Feminism, and interactionism, Collectivism, Postmodernism and The New Right. The first perspective which I will be explaining will be Functionalism. Functionalism is the view that our society is based onagreed norms and values. A norm is social rulesRead MoreDivision of Labor1397 Words   |  6 Pagesways division of labor can be defined, and recognizes that all major sociologists considered this topic to be fundamental in understanding modern society, and how it has came to be. (Borgatta Montgomery and Rhonda 2000). Some of these classical sociological thinkers expressed their own ideas of division of labor, such as Adam Smith, Karl Marx, and Emile Durkheim. The ideas of these three great thinkers had some similarities, but also differed in many ways. Adam Smith felt division of labor was necessaryRead MoreThe Sociological Perceptions Of Health And Illness1552 Words   |  7 Pagesthe sociological perceptions of health and illness. This essay also discusses about the various patterns of health inequality within society, and to evaluate the different perspe ctive and views of health within our society. It will also provide a brief analysis of two different starts to the study of health and illness. This essay will then move on to examine different health pattern which are gender, ethnicity and class. Health has always been the dominant factor of the society. Sociological investigationRead MoreSociological Theories And The Structural Functional Theory1356 Words   |  6 PagesSociological Theories: Compare and Contrast The Structural-Functional theory definition: Two theorist who were major contributors to the structural functional theory where Herbert Spencer and Robert Merton. Also known as functionalism, it is a framework for building theory that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote stability and solidarity. Important concepts in the perspective of functionalism include social structure, social functions, latent functions and manifest

Ms Excel An Tool For Supporting Business Decision Making...

Introduction The great numbers of companies use Microsoft Excel to summarize and analyze data. This software is an analysis tool for statistical data, optimization, scenario and other targets (Indulska Marook 2014). Because analysis results are used to support companies’ business decisions, MS Excel plays an important role in business decision-making. The purpose of this essay is introducing how easy to learn and use MS Excel. Then companies use MS Excel to support six decisions’ quality dimensions. Furthermore, I mention reasons why MS Excel is a useful tool for supporting business decision-making even it makes some risks for decision-making. Body For MS Excel, it is easy to learn, since the present version of this software has great improvements (Keskin 2002). For example, formulas are classified distinctly, such as Financial, Logical, and Date Time. These classifications can make learner spend less time learning it. Moreover, for my experience, MS Excel shows me the structure of formula when I enter it; so I know what conditions should be typed in the cell. Thus, I think MS Excel is easy to learn. It must also be noted that MS Excel is easy to use. It has â€Å"a friendly user interface, flexible data manipulation, built-in mathematical functions, and instantaneous graphing of data† (Brown 2001). These functions help users a lot when they use MS Excel. For instance, to show a relationship between tables, using PowerPivot that is a build-in program in MS Excel 2013Show MoreRelatedDivision of Commerce: Information Management991 Words   |  4 Pagessystems that enables students to understand and use business intelligence tools in government, business organizations and the society. 2. COURSE INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES (CILOs) Upon successful completion of this course, students should be able to: 1. Identify the basic components of a computer system and the concepts of information system. 2. Analyze how workgroup information systems encourage group collaboration. 3. Evaluate the business data processing cycle. 4. Apply the concepts ofRead MoreJft2 Task33805 Words   |  16 Pagesexternally focused and values flexibility. This type of culture is adaptable, creative, and reacts to change quickly (Kreitner Kinicki, 2010). The opera shows these qualities in their culture. The opera values flexibility, and has tailored their business model to allow for adjustments in both the size of the opera and fundraising projects. This allows for them adjust their operations in a timely manner as needed in order to meet profitability goals. The general nature of the opera fosters the creativityRead MoreCourse Outline Ch 25939 Words   |  24 Pagesoperations 5. Explain the role of data warehouses in decision support 6. Explain data integration and the extraction, transformation, and load (ETL) processes 7. Describe real-time (active) data warehousing 8. Understand data warehouse administration and security issues CHAPTER OVERVIEW Data warehousing is at the foundation of most BI. This is the data wa rehousing chapter of the book. Later chapters will use it as they discuss DW applications such as business analytics and data mining. I. OPENING VIGNETTE:Read MoreInvestment Appraisal Techniques Of Investment2690 Words   |  11 Pages Profitability Index †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 Investment Decision for European Financial Group †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Answer to question b †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 Efficient Market Hypothesis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 â€Æ' Investment Appraisal Techniques Investment has many definitions. In finance, it is ‘the purchase of a financial product or other item of value with an expectation of favorable future returns.’1 In business, investment is ‘the purchase by a producer of a physical goodRead MoreMeasurable Organizational Value3451 Words   |  14 Pageshow to choose the method that best suits your calculation needs. Specifically, three methods of calculating thrust and torque for MOV’s will be presented. The three methods consist of an Excel model, an Access model, and a final model which uses Microsoft Visual Basic combined with Access (Microsoft Jet) and Excel. Pro’s and con’s will be presented for each method. Finally, the subject of software validation and verification will be presented with discussions on how this subject applies to the fourRead MoreApplication of Ict on Accounting4286 Words   |  18 Pagesspecial journals, stock cards, and debtor and creditor records. This obviously too k some time, time that would otherwise have been spent operating the business. The business also pays extra money to account officers as overtime bonus. Consequently, completing the accounting records was sometimes seen as an impediment to business, rather than a tool of making it more profitable. However, the development of computerized accounting systems has changed the way most businesses including small and medium scaleRead MoreBusiness Data Model Essay3129 Words   |  13 PagesBusiness Decision Models ____________________________________________________________ ________________________ Question 1 (10 marks) Sandra Enright of Techtronics Inc., an electronics supply firm, has been examining the times required for stock pickers to fill orders requested from inventory. She has determined that individual order-filling times approximately follow a normal distribution with a mean value of 3.2 minutes and standardRead MoreIkea s Internal And External Environment3102 Words   |  13 Pagessend a positive signal to other investors, and had uncertain view of the UPA government policy drifting on foreign direct investment. India is in desperate need for such FDI, which will bring modern technology. IKEA decision to enter India comes on the heels of the India government decision to unwind the rules on single brand foreign retailers in the country. IKEA will have to source 30% of its production from the Indian market. Political stability in India affect IKEA ability to make sales. There isRead MoreA Project Report on Habib Bank Ltds Management Information Systems5834 Words   |  24 Pagesencourag ement helped us to complete this project. INTRODUCTION VISION STATEMENT â€Å"Enabling people to advance with confidence and success† Management Information Systems 3 â€Å"HABIB BANK LTD† MISSION STATEMENT â€Å"To make our customers prosper, our staff excel and create value for shareholders† INTRODUCTION OF HBL Management Information Systems 4 â€Å"HABIB BANK LTD† It is the prime Bank in country established in 1941 having a registered head office in Karachi. It was nationalized in 1974, but recentlyRead MoreApplication of Balanced Scorecard30011 Words   |  121 PagesThe purpose of this study was to examine the application of the Balanced Scorecard as a management tool within the External and Business Affairs (EBA) unit at University of California, San Diego (UCSD). Specially, the study sought to examine how the Balanced Scorecard was communicated throughout the organization, how the data are used within the organization, and how the data are used for decision making, paying particular attention to the four perspectives of UCSD’s EBA’s personalized Balanced Scorecard

Operation Sea Lion (Invasion of Britain) in WWII

Operation Sea Lion was the German plan for the invasion of Britain in  World War II  (1939-1945) and was planned for sometime in late 1940, after the Fall of France. Background With the German victory over Poland in the opening campaigns of World War II, leaders in Berlin commenced planning for fighting in the west against France and Britain. These plans called for the capture of ports along the English Channel followed by efforts to force Britains surrender. How this was to be accomplished quickly became a matter of debate among the German militarys senior leadership.  This saw Grand Admiral Erich Raeder, commander of the Kriegsmarine, and Reichsmarschall Hermann Gà ¶ring of the Luftwaffe both argue against a seaborne invasion and lobby for various types of blockades aimed at crippling the British economy. Conversely, the army leadership advocated for landings in East Anglia, which would see 100,000 men put ashore. Raeder countered this by arguing that it would take a year to assemble the shipping required and that the British Home Fleet would need to be neutralized.  Gà ¶ring continued to argue that such a cross-channel effort could only be made as final act of an already victorious war against Britain. Despite these misgivings, in the summer of 1940, shortly after Germanys stunning conquest of France, Adolf Hitler turned his attention to the possibility of an invasion of Britain. Somewhat surprised that London had rebuffed peace overtures, he issued Directive No. 16 on July 16 which stated, As England, in spite of the hopelessness of her military position, has so far shown herself unwilling to come to any compromise, I have decided to begin to prepare for, and if necessary to carry out, an invasion of England...and if necessary the island will be occupied. For this to succeed, Hitler laid out four conditions that had to be met to ensure success. Similar to those identified by German military planners in late 1939, they included elimination of the Royal Air Force to ensure air superiority, clearing of the English Channel of mines and the laying of German mines, the emplacing of artillery along the English Channel, and preventing the Royal Navy from interfering with the landings. Though pushed by Hitler, neither Raeder or Gà ¶ring actively supported the invasion plan. Having taken serious losses to the surface fleet during the invasion of Norway, Raeder came to actively oppose the effort as the Kriegsmarine lacked the warships to either defeat the Home Fleet or support a crossing of the Channel. German Planning Dubbed Operation Sea Lion, planning moved forward under the guidance of Chief of the General Staff General Fritz Halder. Though Hitler had originally desired to invade on August 16, it was soon realized that this date was unrealistic. Meeting with planners on July 31, Hitler was informed that most desired to postpone the operation until May 1941. As this would remove the political threat of the operation, Hitler refused this request but agreed to push Sea Lion back until September 16. In the early stages, the invasion plan for Sea Lion called for landings on a 200-mile front from Lyme Regis east to Ramsgate. This would have seen Field Marshal Wilhelm Ritter von Leebs Army Group C cross from Cherbourg and land at Lyme Regis while Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedts Army Group A sailed from Le Havre and the Calais area to land the southeast. Possessing a small and depleted surface fleet, Raeder opposed this broad front approach as he felt it could not be defended from the Royal Navy. As Gà ¶ring began intense attacks against the RAF in August, which developed into the Battle of Britain, Halder vehemently attacked his naval counterpart, feeling that a narrow invasion front would lead to heavy casualties. The Plan Changes Bowing to Raeders arguments, Hitler agreed to narrow the scope of the invasion on August 13 with the westernmost landings to be made at Worthing. As such, only Army Group A would take part in the initial landings. Composed of the 9th and 16th Armies, von Rundstedts command would cross the Channel and establish a front from the Thames Estuary to Portsmouth. Pausing, they would build up their forces before conducting a pincer attack against London. This taken, German forces would advance north to around the 52nd parallel. Hitler assumed that Britain would surrender by the time his troops reached this line. As the invasion plan continued to be in flux, Raeder was plagued by a lack of purpose-built landing craft. To remedy this situation, the Kriegsmarine gathered around 2,400 barges from around Europe. Though a large number, they were still insufficient for the invasion and could only be used in relatively calm seas. As these were gathered in the Channel ports, Raeder continued to be concerned that his naval forces would be insufficient to combat the Royal Navys Home Fleet. To further support the invasion, a myriad of heavy guns were emplaced along the Straits of Dover. British Preparations Aware of German invasion preparations, the British began defensive planning. Though a large number of men were available, much of the British Armys heavy equipment had been lost during the Dunkirk Evacuation. Appointed Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces in late May, General Sir Edmund Ironside was tasked with overseeing the islands defense. Lacking sufficient mobile forces, he elected to construct a system of static defensive lines around southern Britain, which were backed by the heavier General Headquarters Anti-tank Line. These lines were to be supported by a small mobile reserve. Delayed and Cancelled On September 3, with British Spitfires and Hurricanes still controlling the skies over southern Britain, Sea Lion was again postponed, first to September 21 and then, eleven days later, to September 27. On September 15, Gà ¶ring launched massive raids against Britain in an attempt to crush Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowdings Fighter Command. Defeated, the Luftwaffe took heavy losses. Summoning Gà ¶ring and von Rundstedt on September 17, Hitler indefinitely postponed Operation Sea Lion citing the Luftwaffes failure to obtain air superiority and a general lack of coordination between the branches of the German military. Turning his attention eastward to the Soviet Union and planning for Operation Barbarossa, Hitler never returned to the invasion of Britain and the invasion barges were ultimately dispersed. In the years after the war, many officers and historians have debated whether Operation Sea Lion could have succeeded. Most have concluded that it likely would have failed due to the strength of the Royal Navy and the Kriegsmarines inability to prevent it from interfering with the landings and subsequent re-supply of those troops already ashore. Sources Cruickshank, Dan. â€Å"History - World Wars: The German Threat to Britain in World War Two.†Ã‚  BBC, BBC, 21 June 2011â€Å"Operation Sealion.†Ã‚  History Learning SiteDunkirk evacuation, Operation Sealion and the Battle of Britain.  The Other Side

The And Death Of A Police Officer Essay - 1955 Words

Having a proper Use of Force policy can be the difference between the life and death of a police officer. When officers are pressured into making quick decisions and the policy of the police department makes them wait for something to happen before they extend their force can mean that they wait too long suffer from that. Officers are trained to think on the spot and they know what they are looking out for when they encounter someone on the street. An improper use of force policy restricts officers to using minimal force in order to subdue a subject effectively. Thinking over a use of force policy during a traffic stop can lead to the injury of an officer because they may be reluctant to use the proper force that they deem necessary because they are afraid of the consequences if they may be wrong, or even if they are correct in the use of justified force, the department receives criticism in many cases. A proper Use of Force policy for the Bustout, Mississippi Police Department would include a proper understanding and ability to take other rare instances into consideration, justifiable force, and training. A Use of Force policy is designed to help and restrict officers from the dangers of using force against subject that they are apprehending. It states that officers should only use the amount of force necessary in order to mitigate the threat weather that be using hand to hand combat, taser, or even use of deadly force if required. The justified amount of force increasesShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of A Police Officer913 Words   |  4 Pagessudden a police officer named Darren Wilson rushes towards them in his police car and begins to tell them to get on the ground. The boys had committed no crime and were only one mile from their destination, they were simply trying to get home and off the streets. Things escalated and the officer pulled out his gun and told them that he would shoot them. As he was saying these words the officer pulled the trigger and shot Mic hael Brown. Both of the boys started sprinting away from Officer Wilson. TheRead MoreThe Death Of The Police Officer Wilson1368 Words   |  6 Pageschange in society. Ferguson, Missouri the town where 18-year-old Michael Brown, an unarmed black man, was killed by Officer Wilson, a white police officer on August 9, 2014. Protest had begun in Ferguson, but many of the protester were nonviolent and felt the police were racially profiling black men. Three months later, the Grand Jury released its verdict to not indict Officer Wilson. The verdict led to protests that became violent quickly. The protester began to loot local business such as a McDonaldsRead MorePolice Officers Charged With The Death Of Eric Garner969 Words   |  4 Pagesynopsis: The SVU begin work on a case in which a leader of the #BlackLivesMatter movement is sexually assaulted the day after a massive protest following the Grand Jury decisision not to indict the police officers charged with the death of Eric Garner. The case takes a twist when it is discovered that the leader who was assaulted is actually Fin Tutuola s son Ken s boyfriend. In Act 1 of our A plot, Detectives Stabler and Benson enter the precinct notably late. They inform their captain thatRead MorePolice Brutality Of Police Officers879 Words   |  4 Pages Recently police have come under fire for the deaths of many unarmed African American males. This has broken the trust between civilians and police and torn our country apart. People are frustrated about the killings of unarmed citizens and how it seems every officer can get away with killing an unarmed suspect. Back in 1994 a law was passed that required the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to record date on police involved shooting and deaths by police officers. Except where are the numbersRead MoreAnalysis Of The Henry Jr. From Easton, Ma, And The New York Police Officer1472 Words   |  6 PagesFour years ago Danroy â€Å"DJ† henry Jr. from Easton, Ma, was killed by a New york police officer. Since then the nation seen the death of trayvon Martin who was kiilled by a neighborhood watch volunteer and Michael brown who recently just got killed by a policeman in Ferguson, Missoury. However, the story of Eric Garner is shown to be an ongoing issue between Eric Garner a nd the New york police department weeks prior to the incident. In the video, Garner is seeing expressing to the policeman that heRead MoreThe Stress That Each Police Officer Is Enduring While On Duty And How It Affects Their Personal Life825 Words   |  4 PagesChapter 11 and focusing on the stress that each police officer is enduring while on duty and how it affects their personal life during and after their police career. There are multiple different tables and figures in Chapter 11. The first Figure is listed on page 380, talks about quid pro quo harassment. That usually occurs in a workplace and involved sexual act. When one individual is forced to engage into sexual contact in fear of losing their job or other consequences. Figure 11.2 on page 381Read MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal968 Words   |  4 Pagesdescribed how police chiefs all over the country feel concerning the death penalty. Most chiefs came back and said that they feel the death penalty is unsuccessf ul. Politicians on the other hand have forgotten what law enforcement is all about and have instead given tax payers an tremendously expensive way to deal with crime. Politicians fail to realize that instead of using that money to support the death penalty we could be using that money to advance law enforcement. The police chiefs feel thatRead MoreA Research Paper On Police Brutality1411 Words   |  6 Pagesover by a police officer. The cop walked up to the vehicle and Tyrone’s dad asked the officer why he was pulled over. Then the cop asked Blue, Tyrone s dad, to step out the car so he stepped out the car and the officer searched him. After that Blue tried to take off his jacket but the officer thought he had a gun and pulled out his weapon and shot Blue in his face in front of his 10 year old son. Blue was rushed to the hospital he was in critical condition, Blue died later that night. Police shouldn’tRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States1376 Words   |  6 Pagesprominent at this time in social media and mainstream media is the presence of police brutality in the United States. Two instances in the news recently are the disputes that resulted in the deaths of Eric Garner and Michael Brown. On July 17, 2014, a plainclothes officer for the New York Police Department stopped Eric Garner on the street and attempted to take him into custody. After Garner resisted arrest, the police officer placed him in an apparent chokehold—a move that is banned by the NYPD. InRead MoreParanoid Style Of Police Essay1286 Words   |  6 Pagesasked yourself what it would be like to become a police officer. Becoming a police officer isn’t an easy take because they have to risk their life everyday to protect and serve the community. They have to go through the dangers of arresting criminals when there is a chance that they could die. However, in today’s society only a small amount of police officers actually serve their community and protect citizens from danger. Right now, most police officers abuse their power to the point where they don’t

Essay On Villain Or Victim - 2223 Words

Payton Linder Vickery English 101 12 Dec 2014 Darwin: Villain or Victim All through history, especially the past two hundred years, different theories have tried to determine our existence and they continually have changed depending on the group creating it or researching it. The one thing that has changed is the Holy Bible, God’s written word with our complete history in it. Reading it we come to understand our existence and purpose. With that we also become aware of our gift we receive from God and that is freewill, and with freewill it gives us the option to choose what we want to believe in. Although through history there have been many individuals who have made discoveries in science which has pushed the boundaries of human thought, reasoning, and belief about the big question, â€Å"How did humans come into existence?† No matter what different theories have been made through the centuries the truth still remains the same, we were created by God in His image to go and spread the gospel. The more we attempt to spread the gospel, the more resistance and push back we get from non-believers. With the different groups, the biggest resistance we have gotten is from the followers and believers of theorist Charles Darwin and his work with the theory of evolution. Darwin, an English geologist and naturalist from the 1800’s, is best known for his contributions to science and mainly his theory of evolution. He was the first scientist to develop a believable theory of evolution byShow MoreRelated Frankensteins Creature is a Victim, NOT A Villain Essays1133 Words   |  5 PagesFrankensteins Creature Is A Victim Not A Villain In this essay I aim to discuss the statement Frankensteins creature is a victim not a villain In 1814 Mary Wollestonecraft met Percy shelly, a poet and writer. They ran away together, to escape Marys family and Percys pregnant wife, Harriet. Harriet drowned herself and Mary and percy were married two weeks later. Frankenstein was started in 1816 and finally published in 1818. From 1815 to 1819 three of mary Shellys four childrenRead MoreShylock as a Victim of Villain Essay2293 Words   |  10 PagesShylock as a Victim of Villain Throughout the play ‘The Merchant of Venice’ there are constant references to various characters and the way they relate to one another, however there is no character so diverse and so complex as Shylock’s character. Shakespeare tries to portray Shylock in a number of ways however I believe his main focus in the play, is on his villainous side. This may be portraying the time of Shakespeare where ethnic minorities likeRead MoreThe Merchant of Venice: Is Shylock a Villain or a Victim? Essay846 Words   |  4 PagesIn this essay I will try to discover is Shylock a villain or a victim, in the William Shakespeare play â€Å"The Merchant of Venice† It is difficult to say if Shylock is a complete villain or a victim, as his character is complex and ambiguous. However, it is difficult to view Shylock as anything other than a devious, bloodthirsty and heartless villain in the majority of the play. There are a few points in the story where he can be viewed as victimised, as most Jews were at that time, but ShakespeareRead MoreKing Claudius: A Villain or Victim? Essay1158 Words   |  5 PagesIn the play Hamlet, Claudius is known as the villain of the play. 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Analysis on Employee Burnout

Question: Discuss about the Analysis on Employee Burnout. Answer: Introduction There are numerous cases of discontentment as well as an increase in the workload of staff in various working environments as well as job descriptions. Such cases lead to deterioration in productivity as well as the reduction in the overall performance of the task under which the staff is subject to being enrolled. The overall effect of continuity of such an occurrence leads to the formulation of a phenomenon known as burnout (Bakker, Emmerik, and Euwema, 2006). Burnout is a term with reference to the overall manifestation of stress in terms of the exhibition of a response that results from the stress of the mind, body and emotional disorientation of the personality (Newell, and MacNeil, 2010). Schaufeli, Leiter, and Maslach, (2009) expounds of the above by arguing that it is due to the changes in the perspective of the employee in terms of the nature of the work they are conducting that leads to the responses that are both psychological as well as physiological in nature. The most obvious causes of the above predicament will depend on the nature of the job description, the timeframe of the personality required to perform their duties at the business entity as well as the interrelationship between the worker and the environment. The changes in the mood of the affected individuals pertinent to their perception of the nature of their responsibilities are also among the factors that lead to the increment in the levels of burnout among staff. Bakker, Emmerik, and Euwema, (2006) makes an observation regarding the causes of burnout as largely associated with exposure levels to the specific job environment and continuous application of individuals prowess to a specific job without making changes in their job description as well as their responsibilities. It is believed that there are different levels of the occurrence of the phenomenon among different job descriptions ranging from low percentiles to high percentiles, which are dependent on the nature of the job as well as the amount of time and complexity of the work done by the members of staff. It is crucial to note that burnout may result in the occurrence of a state of fatigue as well as the decline in the intrinsic motivation of a person hence the reduction in the passion and zeal for one to continue in the remittal of their services at their places of work. The relevance of the phenomenon is that the idealism into the state burnout and weariness is purely a psychological problem, which is socially oriented and induced by the immediate factors surrounding the victim of the phenomenon (Bakker, Emmerik, and Euwema, 2006). It is imperative in this analysis to note that the response mechanisms leading to a state of weariness as well as the manifestation of the burnout are not an immediate affair but rather a cumulative of a series of events that finally lead to the manifestation of the phenomenon. These normally involve the victim feeling extremely tired or exhausted at the mare sight of their responsibilities. The above phenomenon then results into a feeling of the decline in the level of commitment and initial attachment to the work pertinent to being referred to as cynicism. Finally, the above factors lead to the actual deterioration in the performance due to the lack of satisfaction from the job on the employee or staff (Shanafelt, 2015). The feeling of weariness, as well as fatigue from the job description, is the most obvious sign that is subject to the manifestation of the state of burnout among the employees. It is because of the complete drainage of an employees ability to provide their input as far productivity is subject to concern. Both the emotional and physical wellbeing of the victim of burnout are fully drained and hence there can be little productivity in terms of the provision of their resources to the firm (Crawford, LePine, and Rich, 2010). The aspect of cynicism, on the other hand, is the immediate effect of the occurrence of the above (Shanafelt, 2015). The person whose resources are drained becomes less responsive to their colleagues as well as other parameters in relation to their job descriptions. For instance, these individuals often exhibit traits that are negative especially to their superiors as well as to their colleagues. Other character traits involve laxity as well as sluggard responses to their superiors. Finally the overall output from the above phenomenon that largely classifies a burnout is a general reduction in the output, the efficacy of the employee in terms of the standards of output and the general deterioration in the staff in pertinent to their performance evaluation. Exhaustion According to Bakker, Emmerik, and Euwema (2006), the manifestation of the state of burnout among members of staff or colleagues is largely under observation through the weariness and exhaustion. As discussed above the phenomenon is the general tiredness as well as the decline in the zeal of the employees in their specific roles in their jobs. However even with exhaustion as the main sign of the presence or occurrence of burnout, it does not give sufficient information pertinent to the psychological status of the personage subject to being the victim of burnout. It is because it is majorly focused on the physical aspect of the phenomenon (Maslach, Schaufeli, and Leiter, 2001). Cynicism It is imperative to note with the exhaustion of the employees being physical in nature, and cynicism is majorly an abstract affair due to its abstract causes that are an indicator of exhaustion and hence burnout. It refers to a state of a person becoming depersonalized in nature (Bakker, Emmerik, and Euwema, 2006). The term abstract refers to the unseen reasons pertinent to being psychological in nature. The decline in the self-esteem of the worker(s), the decline in the interpersonal relationships between the employees and each other or the employee-executive relationships is a manifestation of the predicament (Maslach, Schaufeli, and Leiter, 2001). In most cases, the individuals that once had a sanguine attitude pertinent to their interaction with all individuals tend to distance themselves. It shows the culmination of an exhausted person that now enters into the cynicism stage. It exhibits its presence in various work temperaments that are dependent on the amount of work, as well as the complexity of the intended responsibilities from the above personages. The most typical instance of the occurrence of cynicism is a working environment that is chronic in nature, with many demands and little motivation of the workers, which has a lasting effect on the efficacy of the affected person. Contributors to the State of Burnout Quantity of Work The primary cause with respect to the type of the job is the amount of work expected for the employees to perform. A lot of work with a limitation in the period for the provision of results is among the main issues, which cause weariness among the members of staff working at the stations. The workload on the staff, as well as factors as such as high expectations and pressure on the employees in terms of time is a clear illustration of the state of weariness among the employees ((Bakker, Emmerik, and Euwema, 2006; Maslach, Schaufeli, and Leiter, 2001). The ease of doing the heavy tasks in the limited time is also another task that leads to the state of weariness among the staff. The staff will strain to ensure that they try to complete the intended work in the set time. It is, therefore, the reason why most employees will work deep into the night and head to their homes at around midnight. The repetition of this process on a daily basis will eventually lead to exhaustion of the person and hence finally leading to burnout. Burnout and Quality of Work Bakker, Emmerik, and Euwema (2006) argue that the above predicament is also because of the type of quality of work that is supposed to be conducted by the members of staff. In this description, the lack of clarity, as well as ambiguity pertinent to the roles of the members of staff, is the leading cause of burnout in the employees pertinent to the quality of the work expected. To concur with the authors arguments Maslach, Schaufeli, and Leiter (2001) explained that the conflict with respect to multiple tasks that have to meet in a specific time frame leads to exhaustion as well as the absence of total information on the type of work to be done. The other issue that is quality oriented is with regard to the nature of the problems facing the clients pertinent to the levels of the severity of the problems at hand. These, on the other hand, ought to be handled by multiple qualified individuals hence leading to the prevention of weariness among the staff. Resource Allocation and Participation The absence of resources with regard to the support from the administration as well as the members of the executive in a particular organizational setting is the leading cause of deterioration of performance and finally a burnout. It is indeed true that the supervisors as well as the administration ought to support the members of staff regarding the provision of resources as well as incentives for the motivation of the employees (Adriaenssens, De Gucht, and Maes, 2015; Bakker, Emmerik, and Euwema, 2006). Motivation from these individuals directly stimulates performance in that tasks that have been handled well are subject to appreciation. However, tasks that have been poorly performed are subject to scrutiny as well as rectification. The above phenomenon is direct correlated to the amount of feedback given for a certain task accomplished. Poor remittal of feedback from the supervisors as well as other colleagues results in weariness which if not addressed will lead to a state of burnout among the employees. Feedback is important as it helps in the tracking of the level of progress among the staff as well as aiding in the increment in the intrinsic motivation levels of the employees. Areas that need improvement are subject to communication through the feedback received. It, therefore, leads to a state of cohesion between the supervisors and the workers (Bakker, Emmerik, and Euwem, 2006). The inclusion in the decision-making stratagems is crucial for the success of the firm as well as improvement in the levels of motivation among the staff. Employees who are not involved in the decision-making procedures of a company or department are prone to becoming wearier in comparison to those who are involved in decision making. The inclusion of opinions by the supervisors to the staff is critical as it ensures as a state of cohesion as well as collective responsibility among the members of staff. Staffs who are not subjected to giving their opinions are often disgruntled especially since they often are not given the environment to air their feelings, especially when disappointed. The disgruntled employee may influence the other members of staff in becoming disgruntled, the overall effect being a state of anarchy and burnout at the organization. Burnout and Work Environment Some occupations are more prone to the manifestation of the existence of weariness, exhaustion and finally burnout among the members of staff. It is because some occupations require the remittal of high input levels than others. Other professions require the physical presence of a person, while others will require psychological input into the roles of the members of staff. For instance, in some categories of job descriptions there arise variations of exhaustion as well as cynicism among the members of staff as argued by Bakker, Emmerik, and Euwema (2006) and Maslach, Schaufeli, and Leiter (2001). The teaching profession has among the highest rates of weariness and physical exhaustion in comparison to the others. The individuals whose job descriptions are oriented in the maintenance of peace and tranquillity with respect to the following of statues show the increase in the levels of cynicism as compared to the teachers (Cherniss, 2016). Hakanen, Bakker, and Schaufeli (2006) argue that these individuals have relatively small degrees of being exhausted. However, the above fact is variable in nature, as the gender of the people as well as the nature of the job is also matter to be considered (Gonzlez-Rom, 2006; Antoniou, Polychroni, and Vlachakis, 2006). Purvanova and Muros, (2010) implore that it is believed that majority of the women have low levels of cynicism and high exhaustion levels in comparison to their male counterparts in the similar professions. Doctors and health practitioners were subject to lower standards of exhaustion as well as significantly low degrees of cynicism (Biksegn, et al., 2016; Newell and MacNeil, 2010). It is because the correlation and communication with respect to feedback and clarity of instructions are fundamental in their profession. The presence of the required resources, resource allocation, comments, and decision-making is practiced among the majority of the hospices to ensure that the patients have access to the best medical attention (Laschinger, and Leiter, 2006). Burnout and Promises The typical modern contemporary working environment is characterized by managers who offer incentives to their employees in a bid to instil as well as inculcate perfection and productivity among the members of staff. These factors are social as well as give an illustration of the culture of the working environment in the contemporary society. It is a fact that majority of the companies, as well as major corporate conglomerates, have been victims of changes in their structures. The above is mainly due to mergers as well as acquisition by either big companies or of smaller business entities. Such results in changes that directly influence the production of retained employees. The sacking of staff due to the various changes in the structure of the business entities result in demotivation of existing staff. It is because they become insecure about their relevance in the firm, which leads to lower productivity as well as the state of burnout among the individuals (Khan, Yusoff, and Khan, 2014). The failure of the members of the executive in meeting their promises with respect to a reciprocal kind of relationship between results and the executive is one of the leading causes of exhaustion as well as the mental breakdown of the staff (Spence Laschinger, 2009). Spence Laschinger (2009) argues that it is because the staffs considers it unfair for them to be subjected to workload, and provision of results whereas there is minimal to no appreciation of their skills, time as well as their ability to become flexible to new work temperaments. Consequences of Burnout The ability to determine the relevance of burnout among the members of staff is not complicated in that one only needs to assess the productivity of the individual pertinent to the quality of work as well as the quantity and continuous production and efficacy. First, there are cases of the affected individual being absent from the job and the actual reduction in the output as well as the decline in the productivity of the affected person. Others include quitting of the job opportunity by the affected individuals. The minimal amount of satisfaction among the affected individual is also another characteristics. The existence of a state of anarchy, as well as resentment among members of staff who are disgruntled, is among the signs of burnout (Awa, Plaumann, and Walter, 2010). Other characteristics are more health oriented in that these individuals often display evidence of anxiety as well as depression due to their continuous state of dissatisfaction with their job opportunities (Newell and MacNeil, 2010; Bianchi, Schonfeld, and Laurent, 2015). It is indeed factual to say that there is a decline in the self-esteem levels of the affected individuals. The solution to such problems may include changing the job descriptions of the above individuals as well as inculcate a positive culture among the affected individuals. Conclusion It is imperative for the members of the executive and the staff to create and maintain a positive relationship with each other, to create a healthy working environment that leads to the minimization of burnout among the employees. Constant communication and adherence to promises as well as the provision of the required resources regarding a number of workers per task must also be considered to prevent the overworking of employees. References Adriaenssens, J., De Gucht, V. and Maes, S., 2015. Determinants and prevalence of burnout in emergency nurses: A systematic review of 25 years of research.International journal of nursing studies,52(2), pp.649-661. Aloe, A.M., Amo, L.C. and Shanahan, M.E., 2014. Classroom management self-efficacy and burnout: A multivariate meta-analysis.Educational psychology review,26(1), pp.101-126. Antoniou, A.S., Polychroni, F. and Vlachakis, A.N., 2006. Gender and age differences in occupational stress and professional burnout between primary and high-school teachers in Greece.Journal of Managerial Psychology,21(7), pp.682-690. Awa, W.L., Plaumann, M. and Walter, U., 2010. Burnout prevention: A review of intervention programs.Patient education and counseling,78(2), pp.184-190. Bakker, A.B., Van Der Zee, K.I., Lewig, K.A. and Dollard, M.F., 2006. The relationship between the big five personality factors and burnout: A study among volunteer counselors.The Journal of social psychology,146(1), pp.31-50. Bakker, A.B., Van Emmerik, H. and Euwema, M.C., 2006. Crossover of burnout and engagement in work teams.Work and Occupations,33(4), pp.464-489. Bianchi, R., Schonfeld, I.S. and Laurent, E., 2015. Burnoutdepression overlap: A review.Clinical psychology review,36, pp.28-41. Biksegn, A., Kenfe, T., Matiwos, S. and Eshetu, G., 2016. Burnout Status at Work among Health Care Professionals in aTertiary Hospital.Ethiopian journal of health sciences,26(2), pp.101-108. Cherniss, C., 2016.Beyond Burnout: Helping teachers, nurses, therapists, and lawyers recover from stress and disillusionment. Routledge. Crawford, E.R., LePine, J.A. and Rich, B.L., 2010. Linking job demands and resources to employee engagement and burnout: a theoretical extension and meta-analytic test.Journal of Applied Psychology,95(5), p.834. Firth, H., McKeown, P., McIntee, J. and Britton, P., 1987. Professional depression, burnoutand personality in long-stay nursing.International Journal of Nursing Studies,24(3), pp.227-237. Gonzlez-Rom, V., Schaufeli, W.B., Bakker, A.B. and Lloret, S., 2006. Burnout and work engagement: Independent factors or opposite poles?.Journal of vocational behavior,68(1), pp.165-174. Hakanen, J.J., Bakker, A.B. and Schaufeli, W.B., 2006. Burnout and work engagement among teachers.Journal of school psychology,43(6), pp.495-513. Khan, F., Yusoff, R.M. and Khan, A., 2014. Job demands burnout and resources in teaching a conceptual review.World Applied Sciences Journal,30(1), pp.20-28. Laschinger, H.K.S. and Leiter, M.P., 2006. The impact of nursing work environments on patient safety outcomes: The mediating role of burnout engagement.Journal of Nursing Administration,36(5), pp.259-267. Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W.B. and Leiter, M.P., 2001. Job burnout.Annual review of psychology,52(1), pp.397-422. Newell, J.M. and MacNeil, G.A., 2010. Professional burnout, vicarious trauma, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion fatigue.Best Practices in Mental Health,6(2), pp.57-68. Purvanova, R.K. and Muros, J.P., 2010. Gender differences in burnout: A meta-analysis.Journal of Vocational Behavior,77(2), pp.168-185. Schaufeli, W.B., Leiter, M.P. and Maslach, C., 2009. Burnout: 35 years of research and practice.Career development international,14(3), pp.204-220. Shanafelt, T.D., Hasan, O., Dyrbye, L.N., Sinsky, C., Satele, D., Sloan, J. and West, C.P., 2015, December. Changes in Burnout and satisfaction with work-life balance in physicians and the general US working population between 2011 and 2014. InMayo Clinic Proceedings(Vol. 90, No. 12, pp. 1600-1613). Elsevier. Spence Laschinger, H.K., Leiter, M., Day, A., and Gilin, D., 2009. Workplace empowerment, incivility, and burnout: Impact on staff nurse recruitment and retention outcomes.Journal of nursing management,17(3), pp.302-311.

Software Engineering Management Technological Risk

Question: Describe about the Software Engineering Management? Answer: Introduction Risk management can be defined as the process of identifying risks in advance and thereby analyzing them for reducing the risks (Chen, Hoi Xiao, 2013). This process identifies, assesses as well as prioritizes the risks for preventing it and minimizing the effect of it. This assignment deals with the risks that include technical, managerial as well as financial risks. Security Risk- This kind of risk is also termed as electronic risk that involves risk in keeping the data secured within the office premises (Khan, 2010). These risk occur due to loss of data, data redundancy etc by the employees of the organization or higher officials. In order to mitigate the security risk, the organization needs to use strong security system such as upgraded antivirus, firewalls, data encryption etc. that will keep the data safe and sound within the organization (Mishra Misra, 2010). If it seen that the organization is receiving some data or sending some data that is modified or lost in between, then contingency plan is used. Funding Risk- For every organization, the funding risk is another risk that needs to be taken care off (Kamyabniya Bagherpour, 2014). The cash flow need to be adequate regarding the financial obligations. Some assets also need to be kept in stock for preventing the funding risk. Human Risk- The human risk is another risk that needs to be kept in mind for the organization (Lee Yong, 2009). The organization need to contain more and more expertise human force for accomplishment of the job. To mitigate the risk more human force need to be involved in a positive direction, for reducing the human risk (Rose, 2014). Process Risk- This risk involves the efficient process that helps the organization in carrying out the process effectively (Rech Bogner, 2010). If this is not maintained properly then a high risk s involved. For mitigating it, effective and efficient as well as upgraded process need to be applied. Market Risk- This risk involves the interest rates, exchange rates, commodity prices, and stock prices etc. that need to be considered (Ulkuniemi, Araujo Thtinen, 2015). This risk need to be mitigated by keeping updated to the market. Upgraded software and efficient market research helps in reducing market risk. Manufacturing Risk- The manufacturing risk includes the procedure of producing the products or services (Tony Lee, 2010). To reduce the risk of bad quality product, the organization needs to upgrade and notice the process of manufacturing. Product Acceptance Risk- With the changing market trend, the taste of the customers also change that gives rise to the product acceptance risk (Karamitsos, 2010). To mitigate this risk, continuous market trend need to be seen and analyzed for providing products according to their choices. Time Risk- This risk contains the time that the project need to complete within time. For reducing the risk, the organization need to make a allocate time for each of the task allocated (Amritesh Misra, 2014). Leadership Risk- For a good management within the organization, the leaders should have a good knowledge about the whole situation of the organization (Altunok Cakmak, 2010). To reduce the risk of having a bad leader, the employees need to participate actively for giving rates to the leaders. Technological Risk- For monitoring risk, the team needs to be keep hawks eye to every task within the organization. For handling the emergencies, the team members need to discuss about the risks previously for understanding the probable risks. But there are some risks that are urgent and can arrive at any time. For handling these risks, the team members need to work as a team for solving the problem. Initially there are some risks that need whole team involvement ad there are some tasks that the members can handle all alone. The top ten risks that are mentioned above need a fortnight up gradation for handling the risks. Risk Management options description measurement Frequency of collection of data Time required (minutes per week) Method of measurement Scale used Up gradation of software For securing the data, avoid data redundancy and making the most use of modern technology for making the work easy Development process Once in a fortnight 840 minutes per week Algorithmic interval Employee satisfaction Necessary for keeping the employees happy for greater productivity Development process Once in a month 60 minutes per week Algorithmic nominal Tracking the market trend Necessary for keeping pace with the changing development Product Once in a week 360 minutes per week Subjective ratio Keeping the funds aside for emergencies Required when there will be sufficient lack of funds Product development Once in a month 720 minutes per week subjective ordinal Good leadership Required for the progression of the team Development process Once in every 4 months 60 minutes per week algorithmic nominal Table 1: Risk Management (Source: As created by Author) References Altunok, T., Cakmak, T. (2010). A technology readiness levels (TRLs) calculator software for systems engineering and technology management tool. Advances In Engineering Software, 41(5), 769-778. doi:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2009.12.018 Amritesh, Misra, S. (2014). Conceptual modeling for knowledge management to support agile software development. The Knowledge Engineering Review, 29(04), 496-511. doi:10.1017/s0269888914000198 Chen, N., Hoi, S., Xiao, X. (2013). Software process evaluation: a machine learning framework with application to defect managementprocess. Empirical Software Engineering, 19(6), 1531-1564. doi:10.1007/s10664-013-9254-z Kamyabniya, A., Bagherpour, M. (2014). Risk-based earned value management: a novel perspective in software engineering. International Journal Of Industrial And Systems Engineering, 17(2), 170. doi:10.1504/ijise.2014.061992 Karamitsos, I. (2010). Benefits Management Process Complements Other Project Management Methodologies. JSEA, 03(09), 839-844. doi:10.4236/jsea.2010.39097 Khan, M. (2010). Intelligent Supply Chain Management. JSEA, 03(04), 404-408. doi:10.4236/jsea.2010.34045 Lee, S., Yong, H. (2009). Distributed agile: project management in a global environment. Empirical Software Engineering, 15(2), 204-217. doi:10.1007/s10664-009-9119-7 Mishra, A., Misra, S. (2010). People management in software industry. SIGSOFT Softw. Eng. Notes, 35(6), 1. doi:10.1145/1874391.1874402 Rech, J., Bogner, C. (2010). Qualitative Analysis of Semantically Enabled Knowledge Management Systems in Agile Software Engineering. International Journal Of Knowledge Management, 6(2), 66-85. doi:10.4018/jkm.2010040104 Rose, J. (2014). Improving software management: the industry model, the knowledge model, the network model. Innovations Syst Softw Eng, 11(1), 9-23. doi:10.1007/s11334-014-0240-4 Tony Lee, T. (2010). Optimizing IT process management. SIGSOFT Softw. Eng. Notes, 35(4), 1. doi:10.1145/1811226.1811232 Ulkuniemi, P., Araujo, L., Thtinen, J. (2015). Purchasing as market-shaping: The case of component-based software engineering. Industrial Marketing Management, 44, 54-62. doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2014.10.007